(Ray 1955) Pather Panchali [পথের পাঁচালী; Pôther Pãchali; Song of the Little Road]

Social real­ism can be pret­ty drab stuff. Or, like this just­ly renowned film mas­ter­piece, it can ele­vate the ordi­nary details of life into the high­est art. There is far more going on in Satya­jit Ray’s bril­liant direc­to­r­i­al debut than the mere record­ing of life. Con­sid­er­ing that he was a novice film-mak­er, the tech­ni­cal crew and actors were ama­teurs, and bud­get was 150,000 rupees (in 1955, less than a san­dal-strap bud­get), Ray was able to cre­ate scenes of aston­ish­ing lyri­cism and inten­si­ty. Among them are that were the two chil­dren, Apu and Dur­ga, chase through a field to see a pass­ing train; where Apu watch­es, won­der-eyed, a vil­lage jatra play; and the home­com­ing of the father, who learns that his daugh­ter has died. The film was based on the auto­bi­o­graph­i­cal nov­el by Bib­hutib­hushan Bandy­opad­hyay, who lived the intense pover­ty that he wrote of, and knew that the bot­tom of the social scale con­tains as many Ham­lets and Andro­mach­es as does the top. Every­thing about this film is hon­est, and the bril­liant score by Ravi Shankar gives it addi­tion­al depth. Ray went on to film two sequels. The three films are now known as the Apu Tril­o­gy — Pather Pan­chali (1955); Apara­ji­to [The Unvanquished](1956) and Apur Sansar [The World of Apu](1959). His sub­se­quent career carved out a space for Ben­gali films, usu­al­ly more seri­ous in pur­pose than the out­put of Mum­bai or Chennai.

Pather Panchali 2Pather Panchali 1

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