14615. (Dean Mahomet) The Travels of Dean Mahomet, An Eighteenth-Century Journey Through India [ed. with an intruction and biographical essay by Michael H. Fisher]

06-03-10 READ 14615. (Dean Mahomet) The Travels of Dean Mahomet, An Eighteenth-Century Journey Through India pic 1This is a fas­ci­nat­ing doc­u­ment. Dean Mahomet came from a mod­estly suc­cess­ful Mus­lim fam­ily in India in the 18th Cen­tury, just at the peri­od when the East India Com­pany was absorb­ing and tak­ing over the crum­bling Mughal Empire. At the age of eleven, he became the friend and con­fi­dant of a teenage British offi­cer, and for the next six­teen years they advanced togeth­er in that curi­ous enti­ty, the Indi­an Army. Togeth­er, they saw action at the siege of Gwalior, the Great Mutiny, and oth­er key events. When a sud­den (though appar­ently unde­served) dis­grace end­ed his friend’s career, D.M. chose to accom­pany him to his native Ire­land. He seems to have been per­son­ally charm­ing, and was thor­oughly self-edu­cat­ed in the lit­er­ary cul­ture of England.

In Cork, Ire­land, he mar­ried into the local Anglo-Irish gen­try. He wrote and pub­lished his book, which is an account of his mil­i­tary career, with an empha­sis on describ­ing the sights and cus­toms of the regions in North­ern India that he tra­versed. It must be remem­bered that, for him, most places in India were just as “for­eign” as Bel­gium or Den­mark would be to an Eng­lish­man. The descrip­tion of a famine is par­tic­u­larly engrossing.

06-03-10 READ 14615. (Dean Mahomet) The Travels of Dean Mahomet, An Eighteenth-Century Journey Through India pic 2This book is a re-pub­li­ca­tion of his account, but it does not end there. The most fas­ci­nat­ing part of the book is the bio­graph­i­cal appen­dix, fol­low­ing his activ­i­ties after the pub­li­ca­tion of the Trav­els. Dean Mahomet drew on his famil­iar­ity with Ayurvedic med­i­cine to estab­lish him­self as a masseur and pri­vate doc­tor. Even­tu­ally, he moved to Lon­don and built a large estab­lish­ment, a kind of high soci­ety bath-house, and became wide­ly known as the “sham­poo­ing sur­geon”. It appears that he intro­duced the word “sham­poo” into the Eng­lish lan­guage [from Hin­di, “champ­na” = to press], through his sec­ond book, a pro­mo­tional trea­tise for his techniques.

The first thing the read­er notices in this account is the absence of the kind of eth­nic racism that sat­u­rated Eng­lish soci­ety in the next cen­tury. Dean Mahomet had no trou­ble attract­ing and mar­ry­ing a wealthy Euro­pean woman, and the issue of his colour or eth­nic­ity does not seem to have been sig­nif­i­cant. Eigh­teenth Cen­tury Britain was a stew of prej­u­dice, snob­bery and injus­tice, but you get the clear impres­sion that wealth and social class were the lan­guage of prej­u­dice at the time. There is no hint that he encoun­tered any obsta­cles mere­ly for being Asian. Racism, as we are famil­iar with it in the 19th and 20th cen­turies, had not yet come into being. There was no cult of racial supe­ri­or­ity, but there was a def­i­nite cult of class divi­sion, and by suc­cess­fully insert­ing him­self into the class of edu­cated, gen­tle­manly soci­ety, Dean Mohamet was total­ly sep­a­rated from the Indi­an las­cars who worked in the docks of Lon­don, or the sailors who wan­dered through British ports.

Anoth­er inter­est­ing aspect of this book is the glimpse it pro­vides into the East India Com­pany. Con­trary to what peo­ple are uni­ver­sally taught, the Cor­po­ra­tion is not a “free mar­ket” enti­ty, and has no con­nec­tion what­so­ever with lais­sez-faire eco­nom­ics, pri­vate prop­erty, or free mar­ket prin­ci­ples. Its ori­gins lie entire­ly out­side of free mar­ket process­es and the­ory. Dean Mahomet’s account pro­vides clear evi­dence of this.

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