Identifying “Identity”

Read­ers may notice that I often get a bit worked up about how par­tic­u­lar words are used. It’s not just the writer in me, annoyed by peo­ple say­ing “I could care less” instead of “I could­n’t care less,” or oth­er degra­da­tions of the lan­guage. Oh, I have that ten­den­cy all right. Strunk and White’s Ele­ments of Style had a strong influ­ence on me. But a stronger influ­ence was George Orwell’s bril­liant essay Pol­i­tics and the Eng­lish Lan­guage, which I read when a teenag­er. Orwell was inter­est­ed in how polit­i­cal ide­olo­gies tend to debase lan­guage. But I came, over the years, to be more con­cerned with the way lan­guage is used to debase polit­i­cal and philo­soph­i­cal thought, and to serve the inter­ests of the pow­er­ful. I tend to get most on my high horse when I feel that some stu­pid or wicked notion is being smug­gled into our sub­con­scious by a turn of phrase or an implied definition. 

This is exact­ly the case with the cur­rent­ly accept­ed use of the word iden­ti­ty. You see this word used all the time, and phras­es like “iden­ti­ty pol­i­tics” are assumed to have an eas­i­ly rec­og­niz­able mean­ing. I’ve just been read­ing a spate of archae­o­log­i­cal papers which rou­tine­ly refer to “iden­ti­ty” inter­change­ably with eth­nic­i­ty. These papers, from a vari­ety of aca­d­e­mics, con­stant­ly repeat phras­es like “nego­ti­at­ing their iden­ti­ty” — inane jar­gon which the field has bor­rowed from soci­ol­o­gy, and which is now firm­ly entrenched. Archae­ol­o­gy is impov­er­ished by this kind of rub­bish, and drifts away from sci­en­tif­ic rigour. 

When some­one casu­al­ly refers to reli­gious affil­i­a­tion, or to eth­nic­i­ty, or nation­al­i­ty, or gen­der, as being their “iden­ti­ty,” there is an implic­it assump­tion that mem­ber­ship in large, for­mal­ly defined or orga­nized groups of peo­ple is the essen­tial char­ac­ter­is­tic of an “iden­ti­ty.”

Now, I find this a pro­found­ly wrong, and extreme­ly offen­sive assump­tion. Your iden­ti­ty, as far as I’m con­cerned, and as I’ve believed through­out my life, is that which makes you unique­ly your­self. My “iden­ti­ty” is com­posed of those things which refer to me and only me, expe­ri­ences that occured to me alone, pas­sions and ambi­tions that are mine, pri­vate sym­bols that only I under­stand, inner expe­ri­ences that belong only to me. These unique, indi­vid­ual char­ac­ter­is­tics form, all togeth­er, my Iden­ti­ty. No char­ac­ter­is­tic that I share with some arbi­trary group of oth­er human beings, or that is demand­ed of me by some col­lec­tive mush, or imposed on me by some pro­claimed Author­i­ty, can con­sti­tute my iden­ti­ty. Cer­tain­ly no group that I am mere­ly asso­ci­at­ed with by acci­dent of birth can ever be my iden­ti­ty. I find the idea that any­one would con­sid­er their iden­ti­ty to be, say, Nor­we­gianess, or their skin colour, a pro­found­ly dis­gust­ing notion. It is to aban­don indi­vid­u­al­i­ty entire­ly, to crush and erase iden­ti­ty, not to describe it.

This is a par­tic­u­lar­ly creepy kind of creep­ing col­lec­tivism. The mean­ing of the word iden­ti­ty has been dis­tort­ed, per­vert­ed, invert­ed. I don’t believe such things are ran­dom acci­dents. There are always pow­er­ful forces that seek to oblit­er­ate respect for, and recog­ni­tion of, the indi­vid­ual human being. If you can pur­suade peo­ple that their “iden­ti­ty” is noth­ing more than their mem­ber­ship in a col­lec­tive blob, that there is noth­ing specif­i­cal­ly notable or sig­nif­i­cant about them­selves, then half the work of enslave­ment has been accom­plished. It is eas­i­er to con­trol and exploit peo­ple who are not capa­ble of think­ing of them­selves as any­thing but a mem­ber of a group, a class, or a tribe, than it is to con­trol peo­ple who have a strong image of them­selves as unique and indi­vid­ual. Tyrants have known this since the begin­ning of time, and every cult, army, ide­ol­o­gy, and state seeks to erase indi­vid­ual con­scious­ness and sub­sti­tute a col­lec­tive exis­tence in which you, or I, as indi­vid­u­als, don’t matter. 

That is why we should be very care­ful about how we use words said to describe or define our­selves, and reject any usage that serves these despi­ca­ble ends.


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