Tuesday, Sept 16, 2008 — More On Terms Misused

Lais­sez-faire” is one of many terms that are con­sis­tent­ly mis­un­der­stood, mis­used, and distorted.

The term orig­i­nat­ed in 17th cen­tu­ry France. Under the rule of Louis XIV, France had a cen­tral­ized, state-man­aged econ­o­my. Vir­tu­al­ly all key eco­nom­ic deci­sions were in the hands of Louis’ inten­dant (“man­ag­er” is a bet­ter trans­la­tion than “min­is­ter”), Jean-Bap­tiste Col­bert. Col­bert direct­ed the country’s indus­tries with absolute author­i­ty, pun­ish­ing the dis­obe­di­ent with bru­tal sanc­tions. He sup­pressed what lit­tle labour orga­ni­za­tion there was. He encour­aged the cre­ation of giant cor­po­ra­tions, and he gave out mil­i­tary con­tracts, monop­o­lies, sub­si­dies and priv­i­leges to those he liked. The cor­po­ra­tions grew fat on the pro­ceeds of Louis’ inces­sant wars. France was a sort of Hal­ibur­ton’s Heav­en. As a con­se­quence, after a brief boom cre­at­ed by the ini­tial con­cen­tra­tion of cap­i­tal, France’s tech­nol­o­gy and econ­o­my stag­nat­ed, the gap between rich and poor widened, and those at the bot­tom starved, just as it has tran­spired in all such dirigiste regimes.

As France’s decline became obvi­ous, a group of small­er entre­pre­neurs ― the very ones who were most shack­led and dis­ad­van­taged by Colbert’s wor­ship of Big Cor­po­ra­tions, approached Col­bert with a peti­tion. Col­bert demand­ed to know what sub­si­dies and priv­i­leges they want­ed. One of their num­ber respond­ed “lais­sez-nous faire”. Leave us alone. Don’t favour us with sub­si­dies and priv­i­leges. Don’t favour any­one with sub­si­dies or privileges.

And that is what “lais­sez-faire” means. It is the doc­trine that the State should not hand out gifts, favours, monop­o­lies and spe­cial priv­i­leges to busi­ness, trades or man­u­fac­tur­ers. Since that has been the prin­ci­ple activ­i­ty of mon­archs and gov­ern­ments through­out his­to­ry, “lais­sez-faire” was a pro­found­ly rad­i­cal, rev­o­lu­tion­ary idea. The prin­ci­ple of lais­sez-faire is one, but not the only ele­ment that defines a free mar­ket. It is, how­ev­er, a nec­es­sary ele­ment. A free mar­ket can­not exist with­out it. Anoth­er essen­tial ele­ment is democ­ra­cy. A free mar­ket can only exist in a func­tion­ing democ­ra­cy, since a “free mar­ket” is by def­i­n­i­tion a mar­ket of free peo­ple. No state that is not a ful­ly func­tion­ing democ­ra­cy has a free mar­ket, or ever can have one.

Lais­sez-faire is NOT an idea favour­ing cor­po­rate pow­er and big busi­ness. It is the exact oppo­site. It is NOT a claim that elect­ed offi­cials should nev­er reg­u­late busi­ness. Far from it. Implic­it in lais­sez-faire is the neces­si­ty that gov­ern­ment reg­u­late busi­ness activ­i­ties with clear, spe­cif­ic, objec­tive laws, applic­a­ble to every­one equal­ly, with­out excep­tions. No sub­si­dies, no monop­o­lies, no free gifts. No tax cred­its, no tax incen­tives, no tax write-offs, no tax advan­tages; no “enter­prise zones”, no kick­backs, no “induce­ments”, no gov­ern­ment con­tracts, no bail-outs, no lob­bies, no “self-reg­u­la­tion”, no “favourable busi­ness cli­mate”. That is what “lais­sez-faire” means. It has noth­ing what­so­ev­er to do with the Con­ser­v­a­tive doc­trine that gov­ern­ment should be arranged to favour big busi­ness, or that cor­po­ra­tions should have extra­or­di­nary pow­ers, or that the rich should be favoured in tax laws, or that cor­po­ra­tions should be allowed to engage in crim­i­nal activ­i­ty (such as pol­lu­tion), or any of the oth­er sick­en­ing demands made by Con­ser­v­a­tives. Today, the term is used by almost every­one to mean gov­ern­ment favour­ing busi­ness, or gov­ern­ment let­ting big busi­ness do any­thing it wants, or big busi­ness being allowed to oper­ate with­out laws or reg­u­la­tions (or only those laws or reg­u­la­tions they desire). These are all pro­found dis­tor­tions and fal­si­fi­ca­tions of the mean­ing of “lais­sez-faire”. These fal­si­fi­ca­tions are con­stant­ly plant­ed in the pub­lic mind by Con­ser­v­a­tives, and stu­pid­ly accept­ed by those who claim to be oppo­nents of Con­ser­v­a­tives. Lais­sez-faire is not a Con­ser­v­a­tive idea. No Con­ser­v­a­tive, or Cor­po­rate Pow­er has ever advo­cat­ed, sought, or prac­ticed a lais­sez-faire eco­nom­ic principle.

Let me repeat: No Con­ser­v­a­tive, or Cor­po­rate Pow­er has EVER advo­cat­ed, sought, or prac­ticed a lais­sez-faire eco­nom­ic prin­ci­ple. Con­ser­v­a­tive ide­ol­o­gy is the oppo­site of lais­sez-faire eco­nom­ic the­o­ry. All Con­ser­v­a­tives seek to acquire wealth and pow­er through the inter­ven­tion of the state, through spe­cial priv­i­lege, spe­cial dis­pen­sa­tion, and spe­cial immu­ni­ties. That is the essence of Con­ser­v­a­tive thought. The very exis­tence of a cor­po­ra­tion is a vio­la­tion of lais­sez-faire prin­ci­ple, a fun­da­men­tal trans­gres­sion of free mar­ket eco­nom­ics. A cor­po­ra­tion is a spe­cial form of col­lec­tivist prop­er­ty own­er­ship, man­dat­ed and priv­i­leged by the state. It cre­ates a “fic­tion­al per­son”, which is giv­en spe­cial pow­ers, dif­fer­ent from those of ordi­nary, indi­vid­ual prop­er­ty own­ers, includ­ing immu­ni­ty from crit­i­cal­ly impor­tant respon­si­bil­i­ties, and the con­se­quences of debt. The cor­po­ra­tion is a pure exam­ple of mer­can­tilist, dirigiste eco­nom­ic doc­trine. The busi­ness cor­po­ra­tion, as we know it, orig­i­nat­ed in state-man­aged enti­ties cre­at­ed by Europe’s kings in the 17th cen­tu­ry. Colbert’s state-run econ­o­my was an econ­o­my of big cor­po­ra­tions. The intel­lec­tu­al lead­ers of the Amer­i­can Rev­o­lu­tion under­stood this, and they were extreme­ly hos­tile to the idea of cor­po­ra­tions, con­sid­er­ing them to be un-Amer­i­can threats to lib­er­ty. With the insin­u­a­tion of the doc­trine of the “cor­po­rate per­son” into the laws of many coun­tries, the cor­po­ra­tion replaced the baro­nial estate as the prin­ci­ple vehi­cle of aris­to­crat­ic, col­lec­tivist eco­nom­ic pow­er. Today’s “glob­al” econ­o­my, dom­i­nat­ed by large cor­po­ra­tions, is a mer­can­tilist, col­lec­tivist sys­tem, anti­thet­i­cal in every way to free mar­ket prin­ci­ples. It is the direct descen­dant of Col­bert’s dirigiste system.

Let me repeat again: No Con­ser­v­a­tive ever has, or ever will desire or pro­mote a free mar­ket, and no Con­ser­v­a­tive ever has, or ever will desire or pro­mote a prin­ci­ple of lais­sez-faire. ALL con­ser­v­a­tives seek to acquire their wealth and pow­er through the active inter­ven­tion of gov­ern­ment in the econ­o­my, whether by the cre­ation of spe­cial priv­i­leges, spe­cial dis­pen­sa­tions, monop­o­lies, gifts, loans, or sub­si­dies, rig­ging the tax sys­tem, or using the state’s pow­er to make war to their advan­tage. Cor­po­rate pow­er is state pow­er. It always has been, and always will be.

Con­ser­vatism and Cor­po­rate Pow­er on the one hand, and free mar­kets on the oth­er, are absolute, irrec­on­cil­able oppo­sites. There is no “mid­dle ground” between them. There is no such thing as a “mixed econ­o­my”. The sys­tem is either fair and impar­tial, or it isn’t. One sub­sidy, one spe­cial priv­i­lege, one spe­cial immu­ni­ty vio­lates the total integri­ty of the sys­tem. The “lev­el play­ing field” ceas­es to exist, and the idea of a free mar­ket van­ish­es, just as when one move in a chess game is a cheat, the “game” can­not be called a game.

The exis­tence of cor­po­ra­tions vio­lates the con­cept of a free mar­ket so fun­da­men­tal­ly that, the moment the mod­ern cor­po­ra­tion came into exis­tence, the pos­si­bil­i­ty of a free mar­ket ceased to exist. In the Unit­ed States, that was in the 19th cen­tu­ry, when the Supreme Court ruled that the “fic­ti­tious per­son” of the cor­po­ra­tion pos­sessed “civ­il rights”. Most coun­tries have fol­lowed this notion in their legal sys­tems. No coun­try that I know of has ever yet prac­ticed any­thing resem­bling free mar­ket eco­nom­ics, least of all the Unit­ed States, with its vast array of cor­po­rate give­aways and sub­si­dies, mil­i­tary pork-bar­rel, and armies of cor­po­rate lob­by­ists extort­ing spe­cial priv­i­leges from the gov­ern­ment. The econ­o­my of the Unit­ed States, is, in fact, vir­tu­al­ly iden­ti­cal to that of Louis XIV in ide­ol­o­gy and struc­ture, right down to its prim­i­tive, sav­age “sun king” squat­ting on a throne. And it is no sur­prise to me that, just as in Louis XIV’s France, or the old Sovi­et Empire, its tech­nol­o­gy and econ­o­my are stag­nat­ing, while the rich grow rich­er and the poor grow poorer.

While Cor­po­rate Pow­er can­not co-exist with free mar­kets, it is per­fect­ly com­pat­i­ble with Com­mu­nism, which is the ulti­mate ultra-con­ser­v­a­tive ide­ol­o­gy. In fact, it is the cur­rent doc­trine and prac­tice among Con­ser­v­a­tives to treat exist­ing Com­mu­nist Par­ties accord­ing to their true nature: as big cor­po­ra­tions. Con­ser­v­a­tive doc­trines are not “at the oth­er end of the spec­trum” from Com­mu­nism. This is a com­plete­ly wrong-head­ed notion, the result of the con­cep­tu­al con­fu­sion fos­tered by the idi­ot­ic “left/right” gim­mick of total­i­tar­i­an intel­lec­tu­als. Con­ser­v­a­tive doc­trines are very close to Communism.

At the bot­tom of the world of ideas, the low­est, both intel­lec­tu­al­ly and moral­ly, is the racist and geno­ci­dal ide­ol­o­gy of Karl Marx and Adolf Hitler. Today’s Con­ser­v­a­tive ide­ol­o­gy is not as all-encom­pass­ing in its evil, but it is close­ly relat­ed to it. Con­ser­v­a­tives ped­dle a watered-down ver­sion of Marx­ism, more con­cerned with lucra­tive exploita­tion and man­age­ment than with “end-of-days” meta­physics or apoc­a­lyp­tic ter­ror. But Con­ser­v­a­tives are per­fect­ly will­ing to employ all the ter­ror-tools of the Marx­ists, and all their fraudu­lant intel­lec­tu­al gib­ber­ish, if it suits their pur­pose. Among those tools is the plain, straight­for­ward lie. When Con­ser­v­a­tives talk about “lais­sez-faire” or “free mar­kets”, they are sim­ply lying, just as Marx­ists are lying when they talk about “democ­ra­cy” or “equal­i­ty”, or tel­e­van­ge­lists are lying when they claim to be fol­low­ing the phi­los­o­phy of Jesus.

The close rela­tion­ship of Con­ser­vatism to Marx­ism should be appar­ent to any­one who has spent more than a few min­utes talk­ing to a Con­ser­v­a­tive ide­o­logue. They at once betray the same ruth­less dis­re­gard for human rights and indi­vid­ual human lives. They have the same con­fi­dence that glib for­mu­las of pseu­do-eco­nom­ic mum­bo-jum­bo trump jus­tice, fair­ness, com­mon sense, and con­crete real­i­ty. They show the same arro­gant cer­tain­ty that the “laws of his­to­ry” are play­ing out for them, and the same arro­gant con­tempt for those they plan to exploit and manip­u­late.* They show the same delight in using words decep­tive­ly, with secret mean­ings embody­ing the oppo­site of what the lis­ten­er is led to believe. Most of all, they have the same belief that they are the “rev­o­lu­tion­ary van­guard” and that the suf­fer­ing of oth­ers (not them­selves) is a puri­fy­ing cleans­ing that will bring about a neb­u­lous utopia. Like Marx­ists, Con­ser­v­a­tives will lie to you, exploit you, swin­dle you, cheat you, and screw you, at every oppor­tu­ni­ty, while con­stant­ly bel­low­ing a sanc­ti­mo­nious supe­ri­or­i­ty. Like Com­mu­nists, they mas­quer­ade as pop­ulist voic­es of the down­trod­den, or as the cham­pi­ons of the com­mon man, while schem­ing for absolute pow­er. Like Com­mu­nists, they spout “his­to­ry” that is noth­ing more than a pro­pa­gan­da fan­ta­sy, end­less­ly muta­ble for strate­gic rea­sons. In oth­er words, they are devot­ed to the same old, old, old, putri­fy­ing men­tal garbage that has plagued, tor­tured, and impov­er­ished the human race through­out its painful history.

This resem­blance is not co-inci­den­tal or super­fi­cial. It is genet­ic and struc­tur­al. No “map” of ideas that does not place Con­ser­v­a­tive doc­trines imme­di­ate­ly close to Marx­ist ones is valid. Today’s Neo-Con­ser­v­a­tive ide­o­logues are the direct intel­lec­tu­al heirs of the Com­mu­nists and Nation­al Social­ists, with the same men­tal fur­ni­ture, the same fun­da­men­tal ideas, and, most impor­tant, the same motives.


* In 2002, Ron Suskind, a his­to­ri­an and senior nation­al-affairs reporter for The Wall Street Jour­nal from 1993 to 2000, net with a senior advi­sor to George W. Bush. Suskind recounts the meet­ing thus:

The aide said that guys like me were ”in what we call the real­i­ty-based com­mu­ni­ty,” which he defined as peo­ple who ”believe that solu­tions emerge from your judi­cious study of dis­cernible real­i­ty.” I nod­ded and mur­mured some­thing about enlight­en­ment prin­ci­ples and empiri­cism. He cut me off. ”That’s not the way the world real­ly works any­more,” he con­tin­ued. ”We’re an empire now, and when we act, we cre­ate our own real­i­ty. And while you’re study­ing that real­i­ty — judi­cious­ly, as you will — we’ll act again, cre­at­ing oth­er new real­i­ties, which you can study too, and that’s how things will sort out. We’re his­to­ry’s actors … and you, all of you, will be left to just study what we do.”

[recount­ed in Suskind, Ron — With­out A Doubt — NY Times, Octo­ber 17, 2004.]

This almost hal­lu­ci­na­to­ry state of mind has been typ­i­cal of the rev­o­lu­tion­ary cabal around Bush, and cer­tain­ly typ­i­cal of Marx­ist-Nazi think­ing. It might as well have come from the mouth of Vladimir Lenin, Hein­rich Himm­ler, or Pol Pot.

Leave a Comment